ICT Term
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line

The most common form of DSL, a broadband internet access method which provides a high-bandwidth internet connection using an existing fixed-line telephone. Unfortunately, this is only available if your telecommunications provider has installed special equipment in what has to be an electronic telephone exchange and you live within a fairly short distance (no more than 3 or so kilometres) from that exchange. In practice, this is only available in a number of metropolitan areas.

A voluntary report published by a foundation or corporation describing its grant activities. It may be a simple, typed document listing the year's grants or an elaborately detailed publication. A growing number of foundations and corporations use an annual report as an effective means of informing the community about their contributions, activities, policies and guidelines. (The annual contributions report is not to be confused with a corporation's annual report to the stockholders.)

ICT Term

A copy of data/information. It is essential that a backup is made on a regular basis and kept in a safe place. If all computers are stolen or physical damage happens to your building, chances are high that your backup will also disappear if it is stored in the same building. Usually cost-effective backups can be done using removable data storage devices such as a portable hard drive. It is important to have a nice, easy-to-use software system that automates the backup procedure or else staff members are likely to skip, forget or ignore backup procedures and guidelines. Remember that, despite the general reliability and robustness of computer technology, it is not an issue of whether or not you will ever lose your data: it is a matter of WHEN. You are guaranteed to lose data some time in the foreseeable future and, unlike hardware which can easily be replaced, it is virtually impossible to reconstruct large amounts of data when lost. Equally important is to check occasionally to see if the backup can be restored. One known company backed up all its data every Friday for many years. Eventually a disaster happened and when they wanted to restore the data, they discovered that no actual data had ever been saved on the backup device due to an incorrect software option setting.

Bilateral aid is provided to developing countries and countries in transition on the Development Assistance Committee List on a country to country basis, and to institutions, usually in Britain, working in fields related to these countries.

Also known as Budgetary Assistance

Budget Support is a form of programmatic aid in which funds are provided

• in support of a government programme that focuses on growth and poverty reduction and the transformation of institutions, especially budgetary or 

 A corporate (company-sponsored) foundation is a private foundation that derives its grant-making funds primarily from the contributions of a profit-making business. The company-sponsored foundation often maintains close ties with the donor company, but is a separate, legal organisation, sometimes with its own endowment, and is subject to the same rules and regulations as other private foundations. There are more than 2,000 corporate foundations in the United States holding some $11 billion in assets.

Abbreviation for Customer Relationship Management System
A software solution that manages the relationships of a business with its clients or customers. This includes not only   invoicing but also quotations, sales management, marketing and information exchange.

Financial Aid in the wider sense is defined as a grant or loan of money which is the subject of a formal agreement with the recipient government or institution. In practice, it is all bilateral aid except for technical co-operation and administrative costs.

A chronological pattern of proposal review, decision-making and applicant notification. Some donor organisations make grants at set intervals (quarterly, semi-annually, etc.), while others operate on an annual cycle.

A phenomenon of the growing inter-dependence and inter-connectedness of the modern world through increased flows of goods, services, capital, people and information. The process is driven by technological advances and reductions in the costs of integrated transactions, which spread technology and ideas, raise the share of trade in world production and increase the mobility of capital.

An award of funds to an organisation or individual enabling them to undertake charitable activities.

The ongoing assessment of the progress of the activities funded by a donor, with the objective of determining if the terms and conditions of the grant are being met and if the goal of the grant is likely to be achieved.

Efforts to raise money on a broad basis from individuals or groups from the local community. Usually an organisation does grassroots fundraising within its own constituency – people who live in the neighbourhood it serves or clients of the agency's services. Grassroots fundraising activities include membership drives, raffles, bake sales, auctions, dances and a range of other activities. Foundation managers often feel that successful grassroots fundraising indicates that an organisation has substantial community support.

Also abbreviated as GDP.

The total value of goods and services produced within a country.

Previously known as Gross National Product (GNP.)
Gross National Income comprises the total value of goods and services produced within a country (i.e. its Gross Domestic Product), together with income received from other countries (notably interest and dividends), less similar payments made to other countries.

Humanitarian Assistance comprises disaster relief, food aid, refugee relief and disaster preparedness. It generally involves the provision of material aid such as food, medical care and personnel, financial aid and advice. The goal of humanitarian assistance is to save and preserve lives during emergency situations and in the immediate post-emergency rehabilitation phase and to cope with short and longer term population displacements arising out of emergencies.